珍貴文獻：世界人權宣言序文

珍貴文獻：世界人權宣言序文

Eleanor Roosevelt & 世界人權宣言 (1949) (維琪百科圖片)
各位讀者大家好：

以下這份世界人權宣言，是1948年12月10日在聯合國大會上通過決議的普世法案，到2008年底恰好屆滿60周年。宣言一開頭，即要求所有會員國，都應在無政治區別下，在各級學校傳播、張貼、研讀及解說其內容。
在此宣言屆滿一甲子、邁入下一甲子的特別日子裡，特別刊登英語序文原文版，並加以作注講解。讀者們不僅可重溫人類這一重要而珍貴的歷史檔，同時也藉此學習出自全世界最高機構的檔，其英文是如何表達的！

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1. proclaim: v. 宣佈

2. historic act: v. 歷史性法案

3. call upon: v.phr. 呼籲

4. disseminate: v. 傳播

5. expound: v. 闡釋

6. distinction: v. 區別

On December 10, 1948 the General Assembly of the United Nations adopted and proclaimed the Universal Declaration of Human Rights the full text of which appears in the following pages. Following this historic act the Assembly called upon all Member countries to publicize the text of the Declaration and "to cause it to be disseminated, displayed, read and expounded principally in schools and other educational institutions, without distinction based on the political status of countries or territories."
1948年12月10日，聯合國大會采認世界人權宣言，全文如後頁。在此歷史性法案後，大會請求所有會員國公佈該宣言，並 "在無政治的區別下，在各級學校及教育機構裡，傳播、張貼、研讀及解說其內容。"

PREAMBLE序言

1. recognition: n. 承認

2. inherent: adj. 與生俱來的

3. dignity: n. 尊嚴

4. inalienable: adj. 不可剝奪的、不可讓渡的

Whereas recognition of the inherent dignity and of the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world.鑒於對人類家庭所有成員的固有尊嚴及其平等的和不移的權利的承認，乃是世界自由、正義及和平的基礎。

1. disregard: n. 忽視

2. contempt: n. 輕蔑

3. barbarous: adj. 野蠻的

4. outrage: v. 淩辱、玷污

5. conscience: n. 良心

6. advent: n. 到來

7. aspiration: n. 願望

Whereas disregard and contempt for human rights have resulted in barbarous acts which have outraged the conscience of mankind, and the advent of a world in which human beings shall enjoy freedom of speech and belief and freedom from fear and want has been proclaimed as the highest aspiration of the common people.鑒於對人權的忽視及輕蔑已發展為野蠻暴行，這些暴行玷污了人類的良心，而一個人人享有言論和信仰自由並免於恐懼和匱乏的世界的來臨，已被宣佈為普通人民的最高願望。

1. essential: adj. 重要的、必要的

2. compel: v. 強迫

3. have recourse to : v.phr. 採用～為手段

4. as a last resort: phr. 最後一步

5. rebellion: n. 反叛

6. tyranny: n. 專制

7. oppression: n. 壓迫

Whereas it is essential, if man is not to be compelled to have recourse, as a last resort, to rebellion against tyranny and oppression, that human rights should be protected by the rule of law.鑒於為使人類不致迫不得已鋌而走險，對暴政和壓迫進行反抗，有必要使人權受法治的保護。

Whereas it is essential to promote the development of friendly relations between nations.鑒於有必要促進各國間友好關係的發展。

1. Charter: n. 憲章

2. reaffirm: n. 再次確認

3. fundamental: n. 基本的

4. determined: adj. 有決心的

Whereas the peoples of the United Nations have in the Charter reaffirmed their faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person and in the equal rights of men and women and have determined to promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom,鑒於聯合國國家的人民已在聯合國憲章中，重申他們對基本人權、人格尊嚴和價值以及男女平等權利的信心，並決心促成較大自由中的社會進步和生活水準的改善。

1. pledge: v. 誓言

2. achieve: v. 達成

3. observance: n. 遵行

Whereas Member States have pledged themselves to achieve, in co-operation with the United Nations, the promotion of universal respect for and observance of human rights and fundamental freedoms.鑒於各會員國都已誓願同聯合國合作，以促進對人權和基本自由的普遍尊重和遵行。

Whereas a common understanding of these rights and freedoms is of the greatest importance for the full realization of this pledge.鑒於對這些權利和自由的普遍瞭解，對於這個誓願的充分實現，有很大的重要性。

Now, Therefore, The General Assembly Proclaims因此, 現在, 大會宣告

1. strive: v. 努力

2. progressive measure: n. 漸進措施

3. secure: v. 獲得

4. jurisdiction: n. 司法管轄


THIS UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS as a common standard of achievement for all peoples and all nations, to the end that every individual and every organ of society, keeping this Declaration constantly in mind, shall strive by teaching and education to promote respect for these rights and freedoms and by progressive measures, national and international, to secure their universal and effective recognition and observance, both among the peoples of Member States themselves and among the peoples of territories under their jurisdiction. 這一世界人權宣言，作為所有人民和所有國家努力實現的共同標準，以期每一個人和社會機構經常銘念本宣言，努力通過教誨和教育，促進對權利和自由的尊重，並通過國家的和國際的漸進措施，使這些權利和自由在各會員國本身人民及在其管轄下領土的人民中，得到普遍和有效的承認和遵行。