Verb List
Regular Verbs
base | -s form | past | past participle | -ing form | notes |
call | calls | called | called | calling | |
clean | cleans | cleaned | cleaned | cleaning | |
look | looks | looked | looked | looking |
1
|
talk | talks | talked | talked | talking |
1
|
end | ends | ended | ended | ending |
2
|
wait | waits | waited | waited | waiting |
2
|
kiss | kisses | kissed | kissed | kissing |
3
|
wash | washes | washed | washed | washing |
3
|
live | lives | lived | lived | living |
4
|
love | loves | loved | loved | loving |
4
|
beg | begs | begged | begged | begging |
5
|
sin | sins | sinned | sinned | sinning |
5
|
play | plays | played | played | playing | |
stay | stays | stayed | stayed | staying | |
cry | cries | cried | cried | crying |
6
|
studies | studied | studied | studying |
6
| |
die | dies | died | died | dying | |
tie | ties | tied | tied | tying |
1. Pronunciation differences in past/past participle after /p, s, k, f/ sounds
2. Pronunciation differences in past/past participle after /t, d/ sounds
3. Spelling and pronunciation differences in -s form after /s, sh, ch, z/ sounds
4. Dropping of "silent e" with -ing endings
5. Doubled consonants after "short" vowel sounds
6. Spelling differences when "y" is preceded by a consonant
Irregular Verbs
base | -s form | past | past participle | -ing form |
cut | cuts | cut | cut | cutting |
fit | fits | fit | fit | fitting |
hit | hits | hit | hit | hitting |
let | lets | let | let | letting |
put | puts | put | put | putting |
quit | quits | quit | quit | quitting |
set | sets | set | set | setting |
shut | shuts | shut | shut | shutting |
split | splits | split | split | splitting |
upset | upsets | upset | upset | upsetting |
burst | bursts | burst | burst | bursting |
cast | casts | cast | cast | casting |
cost | costs | cost | cost | costing* |
hurt | hurts | hurt | hurt | hurting |
spread | spreads | spread | spread | spreading |
knit | knits | knit/knitted | knit/knitted | knitting |
sit | sits | sat | sat | sitting |
spit | spits | spat/spit | spat/spit | spitting |
begin | begins | began | begun | beginning |
swim | swims | swam | swum | swimming |
ring | rings | rang | rung | ringing |
sing | sings | sang | sung | singing |
spring | springs | sprang | sprung | springing |
cling | clings | clung | clung | clinging |
fling | flings | flung | flung | flinging |
sling | slings | slung | slung | slinging |
sting | stings | stung | stung | stinging |
swing | swings | swung | swung | swinging |
wring | wrings | wrung | wrung | wringing |
hang | hangs | hung/hanged** | hung/hanged | hanging |
drink | drinks | drank | drunk | sinking |
shrink | shrinks | shrank | shrunk | shrinking |
stink | stinks | stank | stunk | stinking |
think | thinks | thought | thought | thinking |
bring | brings | brought | brought | bringing |
buy | buys | bought | bought | buying |
seek | seeks | sought | sought | seeking |
fight | fights | fought | fought | fighting |
catch | catches | caught | caught | catching |
teach | teaches | taught | taught | teaching |
creep | creeps | crept | crept | creeping |
keep | keeps | kept | kept | keeping |
sleep | sleeps | slept | slept | sleeping |
sweep | sweeps | swept | swept | sweeping |
weep | weeps | wept | wept | weeping |
bleed | bleeds | bled | bled | bleeding |
breed | breeds | bred | bred | breeding |
feed | feeds | fed | fed | feeding |
flee | flees | fled | fled | fleeing |
lead | leads | led | led | leading |
speed | speeds | sped/speeded | sped/speeded | speeding |
meet | meets | met | met | meeting |
bend | bends | bent | bent | bending |
lend | lends | lent | lent | lending |
send | sends | sent | sent | sending |
spend | spends | spent | spent | spending |
deal | deals | dealt | dealt | dealing |
feel | feels | felt | felt | feeling |
kneel | kneels | knelt | knelt | kneeling |
dream | dreams | dreamt/dreamed | dreamt/dreamed | dreaming |
mean | means | meant | meant | meaning |
spill | spills | spilt/spilled | spilt/spilled | spilling |
build | builds | built | built | building |
burn | burns | burnt/burned | burnt/burned | burning |
hold | holds | held | held | holding |
sell | sells | sold | sold | selling |
tell | tells | told | told | telling |
find | finds | found | found | finding |
grind | grinds | ground | ground | grinding |
wind | winds | wound | wound | winding |
break | breaks | broke | broken | breaking |
choose | chooses | chose | chosen | choosing |
freeze | freezes | froze | frozen | freezing |
speak | speaks | spoke | spoken | speaking |
steal | steals | stole | stolen | stealing |
wake | wakes | woke | woken | waking |
weave | weaves | wove | woven | weaving |
arise | arises | arose | arisen | arising |
drive | drives | drove | driven | driving |
ride | rides | rode | ridden | riding |
rise | rises | rose | risen | rising |
write | writes | wrote | written | writing |
bite | bites | bit | bitten | biting |
hide | hides | hid | hidden | hiding |
slide | slides | slid | slid | sliding |
get | gets | got | gotten | getting |
forget | forgets | forgot | forgotten | forgetting |
give | gives | gave | given | giving |
forgive | forgives | forgave | forgiven | forgiving |
forbid | forbids | forbade/forbad | forbidden | forbidding |
fall | falls | fell | fallen | falling |
swell | swells | swelled | swollen | swelling |
dive | dives | dove/dived | dived | diving |
blow | blows | blew | blown | blowing |
fly | flies | flew | flown | flying |
grow | grows | grew | grown | growing |
know | knows | knew | known | knowing |
throw | throws | threw | thrown | throwing |
draw | draws | drew | drawn | drawing |
withdraw | withdraws | withdrew | withdrawn | withdrawing |
show | shows | showed | shown | showing |
eat | eats | ate | eaten | eating |
beat | beats | beat | beaten | beating |
take | takes | took | taken | taking |
forsake | forsakes | forsook | forsaken | forsaking |
mistake | mistakes | mistook | mistaken | mistaking |
shake | shakes | shook | shaken | shaking |
make | makes | making | ||
swear | swears | swore | sworn | swearing |
wear | wears | wore | worn | wearing |
tear | tears | tore | torn | tearing |
bear | bears | bore | born | bearing |
stand | stands | stood | stood | standing |
understand | understands | understood | understood | understanding |
become | becomes | became | become | becoming |
come | comes | came | come | coming |
run | runs | ran | run | running |
dig | digs | dug | dug | digging |
spin | spins | spun | spun | spinning |
stick | sticks | stuck | stuck | sticking |
strike | strikes | struck | struck/stricken | striking |
do | does | did | done | doing |
go | goes | went | gone | going |
have | has | had | had | having |
hear | hears | heard | heard | hearing |
lay | lays | laid | laid | laying |
pay | pays | paid | paid | paying |
say | says | said | said | saying |
lie | lies | lay | lain | lying |
light | lights | lit/lighted | lit/lighted | lighting |
lose | loses | lost | lost | losing |
leave | leaves | left | left | leaving |
prove | proves | proved | proven/proved | proving |
read | reads | read | read | reading |
see | sees | saw | seen | seeing |
sew | sews | sewed | sewn/sewed | sewing |
shave | shaves | shaved | shaven/shaved | shaving |
shine | shines | shined/shone | shined/shone | shining |
shoot | shoots | shot | shooting | |
win | wins | won | won | winning |
be | is/are/am | was/were | been | being |
* "Cost" does not usually occur in the -ing form.
** "hang" has two different meanings and thus two usages in past/past participle
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