21-22 Sixth Level Vocabulary List for Visiting Scholars in the USA

Sixth Level Vocabulary List for Visiting Scholars in the USA
http://www.paulnoll.com/Books/5000-Words/6000-Words-021.html
Teaching vocabulary is an important link for teaching in a foreign language. The student's large or small amount of vocabulary and the level of mastery of the vocabulary will directly affect learning and improving their language skill such as listening, speaking, reading, writing, translating, etc.
There are several problems reflected from graduate students when they are learning English vocabulary.
1.   The amount of vocabulary is not enough.
2.   They lay particular stress on science and technology, or special subjects; yet neglect the common core of English vocabulary.
3.   Their way of understanding and thinking of the meaning of words is narrow. For instance, a common polyseme (words with various meanings): they often have only a one-sided view. The students only understand the English vocabulary which relates to their subject or to their individual culture and history. Beyond that category, they don't understand the meaning of words.
4.   Mechanical memorization causes them to be unable to draw inferences about cases from one instance.
5.   Their productive vocabulary is very poor. Besides these problems, they often make simple mistakes in using the words, spelling, collocation and similar wrong usage.
This is a list of the Sixth Level Words determined by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (中國科學院) for scholars that need to go abroad for research or advanced studies in the USA. Words are listed in alphabetical sequence.

Sixth Level Vocabulary List for Visiting Scholars in the USA - Page 21
Word	Type	Used in a Sentence	Synonym
thrice	adv.	I repeated the instructions thrice.	three times
throne	noun	The Emperor sat on his throne.	chair for an exalted person
toil	verb	He must toil every day to earn a living.	work
toll	noun	The toll on the bridge amounted to six dollars.	fare
	verb	The bell will toll out the hours every day.	ring
turtle	noun	Some turtles live for hundreds of years.	type of reptile
twig	noun	The twig made a snap when it broke.	small branch
vale	noun	Our home is a long narrow vale.	valley
valiant	adj.	We need to recognize our valiant soldiers.	brave
vegetation	noun	There is little vegetation in a sandy desert.	plant material
vet	noun	We took the dog to see our vet.	animal doctor
	noun	The old man was a vet from the World War II.	veteran
victor	noun	To the victor goes the prize.	winner
vile	adj.	It was a vile thing to do to her.	wicked
villain	noun	She was the villain in the episode.	evildoer
vomit	verb	She will vomit if she drinks that stuff.	retch
	noun	The vomit stained the carpet.	stomach contents
wail	verb	He will wail when he hears the result.	howl
	noun	We heard her wail after she heard the news.	moan
walnut	noun	We raise walnuts on our farm in Oregon.	type of nut

Sixth Level Vocabulary List for Visiting Scholars in the USA - Page 22
Word	Type	Used in a Sentence	Synonym
waltz	noun	We danced to a waltz that evening.	ballroom dance
wardrobe	noun	He had an extensive wardrobe.	set of clothes
warrior	noun	He was a skilled warrior.	soldier
whine	verb	When asked he let out a whine and ran away.
	noun	Soldiers often whine about their food.	complain
wig	noun	She wore a wig because of baldness.	hairpiece
willow	noun	A willow grew next to the river.	type of tree
witch	noun	She looked like an old evil witch.	sorceress
withhold	verb	Do not withhold information from the authorities.	keep back
wretch	noun	The wretch tried to steal our car.	scoundrel
yarn	noun	She knitted a sweater with blue yarn.	cloth fiber
	noun	We laughed at his outrageous yarn.	fable, tale
yonder	adv.	Her house is over yonder.	at an indicated place
zip	verb	She zipped through her homework.	to act swiftly
zoology	noun	He studied the zoology of Alaska.	study of animal life